Conference Schedule
Day1: July 16, 2018
Keynote Forum
08:30-09:10
Taiichi Otsuji
RIEC-Tohoku University, Japan
Title: Terahertz light emission and lasing in graphene under current-injection pumping
08:30-09:10
Biography
Abstract
Yukio Tomozawa
University of Michigan, USA
Title: Pulsar identification of background spectra of LIGO data
Biography
Yukio Tomozawa obtained his DSc in 1961 from Tokyo University. He was an Assistant at Tokyo University (1956) and at Tokyo University of Education (1957-1959) - Member at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ (1964-1966). He was an Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor and Emeritus Professor at the University of Michigan, USA. He found that the Schwarzschild metric does not fit the data of time delay experiment in the field of general relativity. He has introduced a physical metric which fits the data. It was constructed with the constraint that the speed of light on the spherical direction is unchanged from that in vacuum. This modification changes the way we understand the nature of gravity drastically. In particular, the nature of compact objects, neutron stars and black holes, is very different from that described by the Schwarzschild metric. It also explains the dark energy, supernova explosion and high energy cosmic ray emission from AGN (active galactic nuclei), massive black hole
Abstract
By choosing the metric in general relativity as the exact solution to the Einstein equation that is the time delay data, one can determine the gravitational redshift on the surface of neutron stars. The author presents the physical metric that is observed time delay data and using the Kerr metric, the author has shown the effect of a pulsar’ rotation on gravitational redshift in the determination of gravitational wave frequency is within 1 %. Based on this result, the author has identified potential pulsar candidates with gravitational wave spectra that will be critical in the study of gravitational redshift and the relationship between rotation and gravitational waves of a neutron star.
Gilles Courret
University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western, Switzerland
Title: Coupling of two oscillations of close frequencies in a high pressure plasma enclosed in a spherical bulb
Biography
Gilles Courret has completed his PhD at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) in 1999. Since 2013, he is Professor of Physics in the Department of Industrial Technologies of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO). His research interests include Microwave-Plasma Interaction, Plasma Chemistry, Light Sources and Illumination Engineering, with Emphasis on the Improvement of Energy Efficiency. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract
In an applied research project on a pulsed microwave sulfur lamp prototype of 1 kW, fitted with a rotation less and electrode less spherical bulb, we discovered that the plasma may form, despite gravity, a ball of about half the bulb size, settled in the center. In a preceding publication, we then reported measurements performed with a photodiode that shows the high-pressure plasma response to short microwave pulses, and we showed by modelization that the ball formation results from an acoustic resonance in a spherical mode. Out of this formation, the signal AC component has the same frequency as the pulse rate, and resembles to a triangular signal, rising during the ON periods and falling back during the OFF periods.
When the ball formation occurs, at a pulse rate a little below 30 kHz, the AC component changes to a sinusoidal signal of a slightly lower frequency, and beats appear with a frequency equal to the frequency shift. In the preceding publication, it was demonstrated that the beats could result from the simultaneous excitation of two normal modes, because they have a frequency difference matching the observed frequency shift. As the higher of the two frequencies is the pulse rate, the one is due to a forced oscillation, whereas the other one is due to a free oscillation. In this article, we study the dissipation due to bulk viscosity and, thus, identify a mechanism that can couple the two oscillations, explaining the simultaneous excitation.
George V. Naidis
Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS, Russia
Title: Modeling of fast discharges in high-pressure gases
Biography
George V Naidis is Principal Researcher at the Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He received his BS degree in Physics from the Moscow State University in 1969, and the CSc (PhD) and Doctor of Science degrees in Plasma Physics and Chemistry from the Joint Institute for High Temperatures in 1977 and 1993, respectively. His research interests include Physical and Chemical Kinetics of Low-Temperature Plasma, Physics Of Gas Discharges, Plasma Medicine. He has published about 130 refereed journal papers and reviews.
Abstract
Pulsed discharges in high-pressure gases are of considerable interest as sources of non-equilibrium plasma for various technological applications: pollution control, pumping of laser media, plasma assisted combustion, etc. Discharge development in gap configurations with non-uniform distributions of electric field, such as point-plane or point-point gaps, typically proceeds via the prebreakdown stage of formation near the stressed electrode and propagation of ionization waves – streamers inside the gap. In conditions when the steepness of applied voltage front is not high, streamers are formed nearly at inception voltages, as thin plasma filaments. The growth of front steepness supplies conditions when streamer formation occurs at strong overvoltages, resulting in generation of wide plasma channels. Such produced plasma structures, similar to glow discharges, are of special interest to applications due to quasi-uniformity of plasma parameters in relatively large gas volumes. The specific features of fast ionization waves, besides large discharge width, are very high propagation velocities, approaching the speed of light and large currents, up to several hundred Amps. In this report, recent results of computational study of fast (subnanosecond) discharge formation are reviewed. On the basis of comparison of simulation results and experimental data the effects of various factors (voltage rise time, polarity, geometry of discharge gap, etc.) on discharge characteristics are revealed. The major physical phenomena governing the properties of fast discharges are analyzed.
11:40-12:20
Vijayan Asari
University of Dayton, USA
Title: LIDAR data analysis for automatic region segmentation and object classification
11:40-12:20
Biography
Vijayan Asari is the University of Dayton Ohio Research Scholars Endowed Chair in Wide Area Surveillance and a Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He is also the Director of the Center of Excellence for Computer Vision and Wide Area Surveillance Research (Vision Lab). He is the Senior Member of IEEE since 2001 and Senior Member of the SPIE. He co-organized several IEEE and SPIE conferences and workshops. He is also a Member of IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (CIS); IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society (SMC) Technical Committee of Human Perception in Vision, Graphics and Multimedia; IEEE Internet of Things (IoT) Community; Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T); IS&T Data Analytics and Marketing Task Force; Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication (INSTICC); and American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE).
Abstract
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) presents a series of unique challenges, the foremost of these being object identification. Because of the ease of aerial collection and high range resolution, analysts are often faced with the challenge of sorting through large datasets and making informed decisions across multiple square miles of data. This problem has made automatic target detection in LIDAR a priority. We propose a novel algorithm with the overall goal of automatic identification of five object classes within aerially collected LIDAR data: ground, buildings, vehicles, vegetation and power lines. The main objective of this research is addressed as two specific tasks viz. region segmentation and object classification. The segmentation portion of the algorithm uses a progressive morphological filter to separate the ground points from the object points. The object points are then examined and a Normal Octree Region Merging (NORM) segmentation process is applied. This new segmentation technique, based on surface normal similarities, subdivides the object points into clusters. Next, for each cluster of object points, a Shape-based Eigen Local Feature (SELF) is computed. Finally, the features are used as the input to a cascade of classifiers, where four individual support vector machines (SVM) are trained to distinguish the object points into the remaining four classes. The ability of the algorithm to segment points into complete objects and also classify each point into its correct class is evaluated. Both the segmentation and classification results are compared to datasets which have been manually ground-truthed. The evaluation demonstrates the success of the proposed algorithm in segmenting and distinguishing between five classes of objects in a LIDAR point cloud. Future work in this direction includes developing a method to identify the volume changes in a scene over time in an effort to provide further contextual information about a given area.
David Levy
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Spain
Title: Sol-gel Materials for Optical Applications
Biography
Abstract
Jose Pozo
European Photonics Industry Consortium, Netherlands
Title: Technology Trends of The European Industry In Lasers And Optics
Biography
Jose Pozo is the Director of Technology and Innovation at EPIC (European Photonics Industry Consortium). As EPIC’s CTO, he represents 350 companies active in the field of Photonics. His job consists on actively engaging with them and provides them with tools to strengthen their position in the supply chain; such tools are the organization of 20 technology workshops per year, provision of market intelligence and finding B2B leads. He has the vision that the future of optoelectronic manufacturing can take place in Europe to a large extent, and as part of that vision he is actively involved in the EU-funded pilot lines. He has 20 years’ background in photonics technology, market knowledge, and a large network within the industrial and academic photonics landscape. He holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Bristol, U K, MSc and B E in Telecom Engineering from UPNA (Spain) / VUB (Belgium). In addition, he has worked as Post-doctoral Researcher at the Eindhoven University of Technology (The Netherlands), EU proposal coordinator at TNO (The Netherlands) and Sr. Photonics Technology Consultant at PNO Consultants.
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, new developments in laser systems have impacted strongly on every single aspect in the manufacturing of devices and products that are currently available on the market. Lasers and optics are used in the manufacturing of cars, PCs, and displays as well as in marking steel and in the creation of logos. In lithography, lasers have been the key enabler of wafer-level manufacturing. Furthermore 3D printing has a central role in the customized manufacturing of devices in the Industry 4.0 era. In ophthalmology and cosmetic surgery, lasers play a key role in maintaining our eyesight and transforming our appearance. The military applications should also not be forgotten as lasers have provided improvements in many areas, such as, range finders, designators, LIDARs, and illuminators. Finally, the biggest industrial breakthrough of photonics in the latest year has been the use of photonic devices (VCSELs, freeform optics, IR detector arrays…) in the consumer market in general, and in mobile phones in particular.
Tracks
- Optical Communications and Networking | Atmospheric Optics| Optoelectronics | Optics and Lasers in Medicine | Surface Enhanced Spectroscopy | Biophotonics | Optical Physics | Nuclear Science
Location: Eden
Aleksey Mikhailovich Polubotko
A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russia
Chair
Georgii Malashkevich
B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, Belarus
Co Chair
Qian-Dong Zhuang
Lancaster University, UK
Title: Antimonide quantum materials for laser applications
Biography
Q Zhuang has completed his PhD from the Institute of Semiconductors, CAS, China in 1999. He is a Senior Lecturer in the Physics Department at Lancaster University, UK. He is the Group Leader of MBE Research Laboratory where he has been leading the research in MBE grown semiconductor nanostructures. His current research is focused on novel dissimilar alloys, quantum dots, nanowires, semiconductor/graphene hybrid material systems, ranging from MBE epitaxial growth to development of optoelectronics through fundamental physics studies. He has published 2 book chapters and more than 70 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals including Nano Letters, Nature Communication, Nanoscale, Applied Physics Letters and Physical Review B. He is an Editorial Member of Nature Scientific Reports.
Abstract
Antiminide materials are featured with their large spin-orbit splitting energy, that could supress the Auger recombination consequently advance in the applications for lasers. However, its combination with arsenide materials always constructs a hole-confinement type-
II band alignment, which reduces electron-hole wave-function overlap and makes them less attractive for use in lasers. Use of quantum ring (QR) and quantum dot (QD) geometries in antimonide/arsenide heterostructures, produces strong Coulomb binding of electrons to the positively charged QR/QD which allows efficient radiative recombination resulting in photoluminescence emission up to 400 K. In addition, the QR/QD of GaSb/GaAs offers room temperature emission wavelengths in the commercially important 1260-1675 nm telecom bands, while InSb/InAs QD provides emission wavelengths in the important mid-infrared range (2.0-5.0 um). In this talk, I will review our recent research achievements in GaSb/GaAs QR lasers for telecom use and InAs/InAs QD mid-infrared lasers. Furthermore, I will discuss the quantum structures of GaSb disks embedded in GaAs nanowire and their potential applications in single photon emissions.
Yohei Yamamoto
University of Tsukuba, Japan
Title: Self-assembled organic/polymeric micro lasers and photo switchable arrays
Biography
Yohei Yamamoto has completed his PhD from Osaka University and Post-doctoral studies in the University of Tokyo and Japan Science and Technology Agency. He moved to University of Tsukuba on 2010 as Assistant Professor, and then promoted to Full Professor on 2018. He has published more than 60 papers in reputed journals. His research interests are self-assembly of molecules and polymers to form microcavities for lighting and lasing.
Abstract
Cao Nianwen
Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, China
Title: Iterative method of dual-wavelength laser ratio for particle spectrum
Biography
Nianwen Cao has completed his PhD from Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1999. He is Professor and engaged in Atmospheric Remote Sensing Research by Lidar in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract
This paper presents a method to obtain the aerosol lidar ratio and particle spectrum simultaneously using a dual-wavelength lidar when the aerosol particles meet the Junge distribution. It analyzes the relationship between the aerosol particle ratio, particle spectrum and particle complex refractive index. The results show that the particle properties will have a great impact on the lidar ratio. If the selected lidar ratio is not suitable, the two-wavelength extinction coefficient obtained from the Fernald method is directly used for inversion of the particle spectrum, which will cause great uncertainty. In this paper, a lidar ratio iteration method is introduced to solve the influence of improper lidar ratio selection on particle spectrum inversion, then conducted simulation calculations and analysis. The simulation results show that the lidar ratio iteration method effectively solves the problem of uncomfortable lidar ratio selection, and can obtain relatively accurate lidar ratio and particle spectrum parameters at the same time.
Gilad Katz
Holon Institute of Technology, Israel
Title: Analytical commutation of electrical equalizer in on-off-keying optical communication systems
Biography
Abstract
Ismail Altuntas
Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
Title: Growth and characterization of epitaxially grown GaN layer on patterned sapphire substrate
Biography
Abstract
GaN based materials including light emitting diodes, blue laser diodes and high-power microwave transistors have received much attention over the past few years. An important problem of these structures is the high levels of structural defects, mostly dislocations, due to the lack of a suitable lattice-matched substrate. So far, the substrate of choice has been mainly sapphire (Al2O3) substrates, which has a large lattice mismatch with GaN or AlN. As a result, (0001) GaN layers epitaxially grown on sapphire subtrates include high concentrations of misfit and threading dislocations. In this study, epitaxial GaN layers have been grown on patterned sapphire substrates by using an MOCVD system and high resolution XRD scans are performed to investigate the effect of patterned sapphire substrates on the dislocation density.
Alev Kizilbulut
Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
Title: The role of growth temperature, V/III ratio and CBr4 flow on carbon doped p-GaAs epilayers
Biography
Alev Kizilbulut is PhD student at Cumhuriyet University in Solid State Physics. She is working at ERMAKSAN Optoelectronic R&D Center as a Researcher. Her interests are the growth with MOCVD and structural, electrical and optical characterizations of semiconductor devices.
Abstract
In recent years, carbon (C) has attracted much attention for obtaining p type GaAs and AlGaAs because of its low diffusion coefficient, ability to be doped to high levels, absence of memory effect. Furthermore, it has widely used for optical and electronical devices such as vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and edge emitting laser diode structures. High doping concentration of around ~1019-1020 cm-3 is required for ohmic contact layers. However, degradation of surface morphology also occurs at high doping concentrations and some hillocks can be seen the wafer surface. In this study, we have grown carbon p-GaAs staircase structures by using vertical type MOCVD reactor at the growth pressure of 50 mbar for obtain high doping concentration with good surfaces. Arsine (AsH3) and trimethylgallium (TMGa) were used as precursors for arsenic and gallium, respectively. Carbon tetra bromide (CBr4) was used for p-type dopant precursor. We have investigated the effect of growth temperature, V/III ratio, CBr4 flow to hole concentration of p-GaAs. Carrier concentration of p-GaAs staircase samples was performed by ECV measurements.
Maxim Vetchinnikov
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Russia
Title: Laser-assisted precipitation of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles in oxide glass
Biography
Abstract
Femtosecond laser processing of oxide glasses is a perspective way for the development of novel glass-based optical materials. Oxide glasses doped with metal or semiconductor nanoparticles are expected to be especially promising because their unique properties depending on nanoparticle size may be combined with their micromodification by ultrafast laser beam fabricating various 3D structures with controlled optical properties. Laser-irradiated areas of predetermined geometry containing metal or semiconductor nanoparticles in a single piece of glass pave the way to improve a lot of photonic devices, such as ultrafast optical switches, polarization converters, active channel waveguides and high-density optical memory. Here, we report about one-step space-selective precipitation of silver or cadmium sulphide nanoparticles by femtosecond laser pulses inside silicate and phosphate glasses. We demonstrate that femtosecond laser irradiation of such glasses induces ring-shaped coloured microdomains which are prone to luminescence, absorption and homogeneous birefringence. Structure, chemical composition and sizes of nanoparticles formed in laser-written domains were examined by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Variation of dopant concentration and laser writing conditions (i.e. pulse repetition rate, number of pulses, pulse duration and energy) are established to provide an opportunity to control optical and luminescent properties of the laser-induced domains. Scenario of femtosecond laser-induced precipitation of silver and cadmium sulphide nanoparticles inside oxide glasses was proposed.
Sergey Fedotov
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Russia
Title: Ultrafast laser-induced inscription of nanogratings in alkali silicate glasses.
Biography
Abstract
Nanogratings are birefringent nanoperiodical structures generated inside glasses by a series of femtosecond laser pulses at certain pulse energies under melting threshold. They attract much attention due to their birefringence which can be controlled by the writing femtosecond beam that provides applications for devices with patterned birefringence such as polarization converters and ultrastable multilevel data storage, whereas enhanced chemical activity of nanogratings is used for selective etching of microfluidic components. Nanogratings were first revealed and studied in silica glass and recently demonstrated in several multicomponent glasses but there is still poor information about mechanism of their inscription depending on glass composition. Recently, we have demonstrated an effect of laser-induced nanoperiodical redistribution of Na+ cations accompanying nanograting inscription in sodium silicate glass by 106-107 pulses. Here, we report possibility of nanograting formation in a set of R2O-SiO2 glasses (R = Li, Na, K). We show that nanogratings can be inscribed in alkali silicate glasses by the number of pulses below 104 (two orders of magnitude faster than demonstrated for sodium silicate glass earlier) only in the narrow pulse energy range, which is quite different from silica glass. Surprisingly, though nanograting formation is possible at higher pulse energy, it takes much more pulses than in optimal pulse energy range. This effect is presumably attributed to the laser-induced chemical shift towards to lower alkali content and higher melting point, which takes place under a large number of laser pulses and allows formation of a nanograting instead of melting at a given pulse energy. Micro- and nanoscale chemical redistribution opens an opportunity of precision control of physical and chemical properties of predetermined microregions in multicomponent glasses for applications in photonics and optofluidics.
Day2: July 17, 2018
Keynote Forum
Biography
Edik U Rafailov received his PhD degree from the Ioffe Institute, St Petersburg. Since 1987, Rafailov has been engaged in the research and development of high-power CW and short pulse diode and solid-state lasers. He has authored and co-authored over 450 articles in refereed journals and conference proceedings, including two books (Wiley), ten invited chapters and numerous invited talks to SPIE, LEOS and CLEO. He also holds 11 UK and two US patents. He coordinated a €14.7M FP7 FAST-DOT project: development of new ultrafast lasers for Biophotonics applications and the €12.5M NEWLED project aims to develop a new generation of white LEDs. Recently, he was awarded as a coordinated the H2020 FET project Meso-Brain (€3.3M). He also leads other projects funded by EU FP7/H2020 and UK EPSRC. His current research interests include high-power CW, ultrashort-pulse lasers; generation of UV/visible/IR/MIR and THz radiation, nano-structures; nonlinear and integrated optics; and Biophotonics.
Abstract
John Seely
National Institute of Standards and Technology,USA
Title: High resolution X-Ray spectroscopy and atomic physics of high energy density plasmas using transmission-crystal spectrometers in the 6-100 keV energy range
Biography
Abstract
Aleksey Mikhailovich Polubotko
A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russia
Title: Surface-enhanced optical processes and a strong quadrupole light-molecule, matter interaction
Biography
Aleksey Mikhailovich Polubotko has graduated from Physical Faculty of Leningrad State University in 1973. He is RadiophysiÑist in accordance with his education. However, now he works as a Physicist Theorist. He received his Doctor of Science degree in 1983. He worked as a Junior Scientific Researcher and Scientific Researcher from 1982 till 2013 and Senior Scientific Researcher from 2013 till now. He worked abroad in October 1993 as an Associated Professor in Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, as a Post-doctoral fellow from 1 August till 30 October 1997 in Northwestern University, Evanston, USA and as a Professor from 1 August till 30 November 2000 in Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. Now he is a Senior Scientific Researcher of the sector of the Theory of semiconductors and dielectrics, the Department of dielectrics and semiconductors, A F Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Abstract
Surface-enhanced optical processes, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface-enhanced hyper Raman scattering (SEHRS) and surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) are of great interest for physics, chemistry and biology since they allow strongly increased sensitivity of these spectroscopic methods and are caused by a fundamental physical mechanism. It is so-called strong quadrupole light-molecule interaction, arising in surface electromagnetic fields, strongly varying in space near a rough metal surface. Just this interaction is responsible for the enhancement in SERS ~, in SEIRA and in SEHRS and significantly higher. Moreover, this interaction is the base for implementation of single molecule detection by SERS, when the enhancement can achieve the value. This interaction is responsible for appearance of forbidden lines in all these processes on molecules with sufficiently high symmetry. In SEIRA and SEHRS, it is expressed in their belonging to the vibrations with a unit irreducible representation of the molecule symmetry group. In SERS these lines are those, caused by vibrations transforming as the dipole moment component, which is perpendicular to the metal surface. One of the main fundamental properties of this interaction is that it is forbidden in molecules with cubic and icosahedral symmetry groups due to the electrodynamical law. This forbiddance is named as the electro dynamical forbiddance and was observed in fullerene. At present the theory of the above mentioned processes, based on this concept is created and explains the most of the observed phenomena, accompanying SERS, SEHRS and SEIRA.
Shouguo Wang
Qilu University of Technology, China
Title: A single electrode plasma discharge tube device
Biography
Shouguo Wang is the Director of Cross Institute of Science, Qilu University of Technology, China. He has completed his PhD in June 1997, from Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS. He worked as Professor in Institute of Optoelectronics (2003-2008), Microelectronic Institute (2008-2013) and Institute of plasma Physics (2013-2017) respectively. He was a Visiting Scholar in Institute of Laser and Plasma Physics (2000-03). His research areas include Plasma medicine, power supply, DBD, PECVD, Plasma boost, Plasma applications.
Abstract
A discharge tube device has a replaceable discharge tube and a hand-held shell into which the replaceable discharge tube is plugged. There is a single electrode inside of the tube and no other electrodes outside. This electrode is connected to an output of a power supply and another output of the power supply is connected to the ground .The input of the power supply is a 12V or lower, DC (direct current) source, or a battery. The plasma is generated via a contact-tube outside discharge, or a plasma jet from the tube, that uses working inert gas. The plasma discharge tube will produce atmospheric pressure, cold quasi-glow plasma, which can be used for sensitive surface disinfection, sterilization, as well as facial skin rejuvenation, treatment of skin tissue infections and destruction of cancer cells.
Biography
Abstract
12:10-12:50
Dror Malka
MostlyTek LTD, Israel
Title: RGB wavelength demultiplexer based on photonic crystal fiber
12:10-12:50
Biography
Dror Malka received his BSc and MSc degrees in Electrical Engineering from Holon Institute of Technology (HIT) in 2008 and 2010, respectively, Israel. He has also completed a BSc degree in Applied Mathematics at HIT in 2008 and received his PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from Bar-Ilan University (BIU) in 2015, Israel. Currently, he is a Lecturer in the Faculty of Engineering at HIT. His major fields of research are Nanophotonics, Super-Resolution, Silicon Photonics and Fiber Optics. He has published around 27 refereed journal papers, 22 conference proceeding papers, 2 book chapters and one patent.
Abstract
High transmission losses are the key problems that limit the performances of visible light communication (VLC) systems that work on wavelength division multiplexing technology. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel design for a 1×3 optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure that operates at 450 nm, 550 nm, 650 nm. The new design is based on replacing some air-holes zones with silicon nitride material along the PCF axis with optimization of the PCF size. Numerical investigations were carried out on the geometrical parameters by using a beam propagation method. Simulation results show that the proposed device can transmit 3-channel that works in the visible range with low crosstalk ((-18.63)-(-21.24) dB) and bandwidth (5.79-18.63nm). Thus, this device can be very useful in VLC networking systems that work in wavelength division multiplexing technology for increasing VLC speed.
Itay Naeh
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems LTD, Israel
Title: Ray tracing propagation of lasers in a continuous turbulent atmosphere
Biography
I Naeh has completed his PhD in physics from Tel-Aviv University.During is PhD study he developed new methods for simulatingpropagation of lasers in turbulent atmosphere. Based on these simulations, he has established the concept of atmospheric channels and suggested a newapproach for using these channels to perform coherent beam combining using an optical phased array. Currently, he works at Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd., as a Research Associate. His work was published in leading peer-reviewed journals.
Abstract
A novel method for simulating the propagation of lasers in turbulent atmosphere is presented. The method incorporates two new approaches; the first is a way to describe the turbulent media as a volumetric bulk, instead of the well-known 2D phase screens. The second is a ray-tracing engine developed for this purpose. The combination of these two approaches allows the reliable modelling of the fine details of the propagation process and the observation of all the relevant parameters. The results are compared to analytic cases and additional data. This method of propagation is probably the most straight-forward modelling scheme available for this purpose. The assumptions and approximations that were used are minimal, thus increasing the validity and scope of this work to include all atmospheric conditions.
Biography
Abstract
Tracks
- Laser Systems | Photonic Systems | Optical Medium | Optical Interferometers | Nanophotonics and Biophotonics | Plasma Science | Organic Photonics | Organic Lasers
Location: Eden
Vijayan Asari
University of Dayton, USA
Chair
Dr. Georgii Malashkevich
B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, Belarus
Co Chair
15:10-15:30
Charles Joenathan
Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, USA
Title: Nano scales tilt measurement using a cyclic interferometer: new developments
15:10-15:30
Biography
C Joenathan received his PhD in the area of Optics from IIT Madras in 1986. Presently, he is a Professor of Physics and Optical Engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, USA. He was previously the Department Head of the Physics and Optical Engineering for 16 years. He is a fellow of OSA, OSI, and SPIE. He has published over 120 refereed articles in the field of Holography and Speckle Applications, HOE, and ESPI. He was instrumental in getting optical engineering program to be part of ABET. He is the Associate Editor for Optical Engineering.
Abstract
Measurement of tilt or roll angle with high accuracy is required for a variety of engineering and scientific applications. A cyclic interferometer was shown to be more suitable than and twice as sensitive as conventional two beam interferometers for such measurements. Incorporating the idea of multiple reflections along with polarization phase step tilts in the order of 0.2 nano-radians were measured with a four phase step method. This interferometer, unlike conventional interferometers, has been shown to be insensitive to external vibrations. This stability was tested using extended time-scale measurements of tilt. Results show that the interferometer has good stability for measurements over time. We also show in this paper that spatial phase step routine with an unknown phase step can be used to determine tilts of a few nano-radians. In this technique, the phase map can be extracted and thus the tilt using only a single fringe pattern unlike the four phase step method. Further, we will discuss the concept of developing a compact cyclic interferometer to be used to calibrate an autocollimator for mirror shape metrology.
Dr. Georgii Malashkevich
B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, Belarus
Title: Physicochemical, spectral-luminescent and lasing properties of Yb-containing huntite-like glass
Biography
Georgii Malashkevich defended his PhD degree in Physics and Mathematics in 1978 from the Institute of Physics of the BSSR Academy of Sciences and the Doctor of Science degree in Physics and Mathematics in 2003 from the Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics of the NAS of Belarus. He is the Head of the A N Sevchenko Laboratory of Photophysics of Activated Materials, B I Stepanov Institute of Physics of the NAS of Belarus. He has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals and about 100 patents on invention of Belarus, Russia and the former USSR, as well as he is a member of the Advisory Editorial Board of the J Appl Spectros.
Abstract
The glasses of the (YbxY1-x)2 O3-Al2O3-B2O3 with composition close to the huntite stoichiometry was synthesized and their multi-aspect investigation was carried out. It was established that the glasses are characterized by (1) low efficiencies of cooperative luminescence of Yb-Yb pairs and photo bleaching and photo darkening caused by charge exchange of the activator ions as well as by high threshold of laser-induced destruction of the glass surface; (2) the 2F5/2 ® 2F7/2 luminescence band effective width and its limiting quantum yield consist of about 33 nm and 94% respectively; (3) heat conductivity increases from 0.6 to 0.9 W/mK with rise of Yb2O3 concentration from 0.5 to 10 mol. % and may grow up to 1.3W/mK at additional doping with Sb; (4) the nonlinear index of refraction close to 2.2´10–13 esu. These glasses lasing parameters at the both free-running mode and Q-switched operation were studied and obtained results were compared with the similar parameters of known glasses activated with Yb3+ ions.
Ilkay Demir
Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
Title: Pulsed MOVPE growth of high quality AlGaN epilayers for ultraviolet LED applications
Biography
Abstract
Konstantin Lyakhov
Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, South Korea
Title: Overcooled gas flow assisted quantum computing
Biography
Konstantin Lyakhov has completed his PhD in Theoretical Physics in J W Goethe University in 2008. Since 2008, he has been an Oil Reservoir Engineer in Petroleum Technologies. In early 2010, he became a Researcher in Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Science. In late 2010, he joined the Plasma Applications Laboratory, Nuclear and Energy Engineering Department of Jeju National University, as a Researcher, and from 2012 as a Research Professor. He has published 12 papers in SCI journals (in 10 of them as a first author, total number of co-authors is no more than 2).
Abstract
This paper is addressed to possibility of implementation of quantum computations by resonant excitation of target isotopologues in the gas flow. Population of quantum states of selectively excited isotopologues can be manipulated by the sequence of laser pulses. For optimal control of excitation laser pulses should be specifically shaped. Moreover, their periodicity also plays essential role. Supersonic overcooled gas flow is the best to use as a quantum Turing machine, because molecular spectra are well resolved and, therefore, better control over them by laser field can be implemented. Decoherence level in ensemble of molecules and clusters, representing gas flow, can be controlled by its rarefaction degree and extension. Evolution of quantum states population is guided by the battery of femtosecond lasers installed along the gas flow direction. Each laser emits laser pulse of predesigned shape, which is related to some command written for the quantum computer (unitary transformation). The quantum state in the end of gas flow is the result of calculation. If gas flow transition time is not long enough to complete all sequence of required commands, received final state (intermediate solution) is recorded and translated into laser pulse shape, assigned for initialization. Otherwise, initialization laser pulse is step-like with intensity just high enough to excite all isotopologues to the same quantum state. Final quantum state of the gas flow is read by the classical computer by finalizing measurement, which is implemented as following: Once irradiated gas flow feeds spectrometer, where electrons, corresponding to resulting quantum state, are ejected by applied ionizing laser pulse. Obtained electron energy spectra, bearing information of original optical spectrum, are recorded by the network of surrounding electrodes, and then amplified. By analog-digital convertor electrical currents induced on electrodes are transformed into digital format for further processing on the classical computer.
Biography
Abstract
The spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) process is widely used in the fields of nonlinear optics and quantum key distribution. The brightness, heralding efficiency and the fidelity are key parameters to be maximized in the SPDC sources. While the heralding efficiency is determined by the collection efficiency and the photon detection efficiencies (PDE) of the single photon detectors, the entanglement quality and brightness of the photon pairs created by spontaneous parametric down conversion process are effected by various parameters. The difference in the arrival times of the signal/idler pairs of two orthogonal polarizations reduces the fidelity of the states by introducing decoherence. Another parameter affecting the fidelity of the states is length tolerance of the nonlinear crystals. The decoherence in the setup can be compensated by the use of a very narrow linewidth pump laser. The limits of the trade-off between the crystal length tolerance and the laser line width have been identified for target entanglement fidelity values. The effect of different types of collection lenses has also been identified for enhancement of the heralding efficiency values. A full analysis of parameters for the optimization of SPDC sources is done via a set of numerical simulations. Further recommendations have also been included in this work for reaching very high brightness, heralding efficiency and entanglement fidelity values of the entangled photon pair sources.
Amlan K. Roy
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, India
Title: A density functional method for quantum confinement in atomic systems
Biography
Amlan K Roy completed his PhD in Theoretical Chemistry from Punjab University, in India. Later, he pursued his Post-doctoral Research at number of places in North America, such as University of New Brunswick (Fredericton, Canada), University of Kansas (Lawrence, USA), University of California (Los Angeles, USA), University of Florida (Quantum Theory Project). His primary research interest is to Develop Methods for Electronic Structure and Dynamics of Many-Electron Systems, within the Broad Domain of Density Functional Framework. Presently, he is an Associate Professor at IISER, Kolkata. He has published more than 65 research papers and book chapters in reputed journals. He has been serving as a Reviewer in several renowned journals. His biography has been included in 63rd edition of Marquis Who’s Who in America, 2009. In 2012, he has edited a book entitled Theoretical and Computational Developments in Modern Density Functional Theory.